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How to Replace Window Panes

A cracked window pane is an inconvenience. It could be a chance to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones, and reap benefits like increased comfort, increased resale value and lower utility costs.

This is a project you could tackle yourself at a fraction of the cost of hiring an expert. You'll only require the appropriate tools and a few hours of your time.

Glass

Replace your old single-paned windows with tempered or insulation glass to improve the efficiency of your energy, reduce noise, and protect the historical integrity of your older home. The majority of homeowners with basic hand tools can repair the window pane. Alongside a replacement pane, the following tools are needed for the replacement windows cost process: latex glazing putty pliers, glazier's points and an electric heater to warm the old putty if required. Before starting, Windowreplacement wear protective gloves and goggles since working with broken glass could cause injuries.

Take out any broken glass pieces remaining. This is best done using a pair of pliers, but a flathead screwdriver may be effective in a pinch. After that, use a wood chisel or putty knife take the remainder of the old putty from the frame and sash. Be careful to not damage the window sash. Work slowly and carefully. This can be done best on a ladder, not the ground. Also, have someone below the sash keep it in place.

Once you've removed all the old putty, it is time to prepare the window frame to accommodate the new pane. Measure the width and height of the opening for the sash and subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). Take these measurements to an hardware store or home center, and get a piece of stock glass cut to size. Alternately, you can cut the glass yourself if you have the tools you need.

After putting in the new glass, apply a small amount of caulking on the edges. This will make the glass weatherproof. Install a glazier's pointing on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be too tight that they cause friction between the frame and the sash however they should not be loose.

Before putting the putty on, knead it thoroughly until it is smooth and free of lumps. Cut it into pencil-sized pieces. Apply the first strip to the corner of the frame. Work from corner to corner to ensure it's even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's facets are small triangular pieces of metal that help secure glass into the frame of a window without scratching or damaging the fragile surface. It's easy to understand how to use this hidden tool, and you'll be able to save money on the cost of an expert installation.

After the old putty and glazier's points are removed, thoroughly clean the frame with a utility knife to get rid of any remaining residue. If necessary you can lightly sand the wood in the rabbet grooves to smooth out rough areas. If you decide to sand wood, protect it with painter's tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Write down the exact dimensions of the frame. These dimensions can be taken to an hardware or home centers store, and the new frame will be cut a bit smaller. This will ensure that the pane fits perfectly and allows for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane into the frame and press it down with your hands. Make use of the point of the chisel or the back of the putty knife to tap the glazier's points, as illustrated in Figure 11. When you're done taping, they should be level with the top edge of the pane and the raised shoulders of the points should be just below the lip of the rabbet groove.

Apply a small amount of glazing compound over the edges of the new glass and into the rabbet grooves, to seal and protect them. Allow it to dry completely and cure.

Once the glazing compound has dried and the glazing compound is dry, you can install the new window sash. First, saturate the wood with a heavy coat of Linseed oil. This will prevent the new putty from drying out and cracking as it absorbs moisture. Use a brush to apply this coat, or the tip of the blade. Then use the chisel that is on the back of the putty tool or the back of the handle to gently hammer the new sash or glazier's point into the rabbet grooves. Repeat this procedure every 10 inches around the frame's perimeter.

Putty

A baseball thrown at you or an unintentional rock, or a falling branch can cause a window to crack or break. Most windows can be repaired easily by putting in a new piece. The glass is held in place using a small metal clip called a glazier's point, and putty, which is often called glazing compound. Before installing a new pane, first remove the old one and clean the area with the help of a rag, the pull-type paint scraper or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear protective glasses and gloves while you do this work. If the window pane replacement is glued to the frame, you'll need make use of a heat gun to soften the adhesive before prying it free.

If you're planning to install the original sash, gently remove the molding pieces that hold the old pane in place. Then you can sand the sash down to make sure it's flat and ready to be re-caulked. After the sash has been re-installed, apply a new silicone caulk to the glass to ensure it won't leak or discolor in time.

Take out the glazing points in the rabbets. These are the grooves on the sash where the glass is located. If they're difficult to chisel, use the hand tool, such as a heating gun over them to soften first. If you're using a heated gun, make sure not to scratch the sash or its railings by placing the tool too tightly.

Create the bed for your new pane by removing the old glaze points and putty. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your fingers, and make it about 1/2 inch thick. Press it into the rabbets, where the glass will be placed. It is essential that the glass rests against the putty on each side, so if you need to do so, gently tap the glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane is cracked you can fill it with a solvent-based glue or silicone caulk prior pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to apply putty over the crack to form a tight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried, clean the oily film off the glass using an abrasive and allow it to completely dry before painting. If you paint before the putty is completely dry, it won't form a solid seal and could be leaking or discoloring over time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a broken piece of glass. The truth is, replacing a single pane of glass doesn't need to be expensive when you do it on your own. In fact even windows with double panes can be replaced for less than the cost of an expert.

First, if you are working on a large-sized window, make sure it is securely fixed to the frame. This can be made relatively simple and quick with the appropriate tools and techniques.

When you are ready to start, remove the old window pane. Pry out the metal glazing points that are attached to it. These are tiny metal triangles which act as "nails", holding the window in place. They are submerged under a bead of glazing putty, which is then cured to form a solid, molded wedge that secures the window in place and hides the edges.

After removing the old pane, clean the frame and the wood. Scrape off any paint and sand down the rabbet grooves, where the glazing points used to be. Sand them down to bare wood surfaces, so that you can paint the frames with the same shade. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help to extend its life.

The next step is to determine the width of the window sash replacement opening. It is necessary to measure the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the entire opening, as well as the thickness. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you have the exact size for the new pane. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass in times of seasonal change. Take these dimensions to your local hardware or home improvement store, and they will have a piece cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.