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Coffee bean to cup coffee beans Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're likely aware that different kinds of beans can produce different flavors. Find out about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a type Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier, tarter taste profile and are often used in blends of beans to give them added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most sought-after coffee in the world with 75% of all global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour flavor than Robusta and are available with a variety of flavor profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and methods of processing used to make it.

The word "coffee" actually is derived from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are fruit seeds that are cultivated inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were stimulated by eating the fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee quickly spread all over the world.

Coffee beans can thrive at high altitudes, and thrive with cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is believed to be the most delicious type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee beans online roasters and shops are focused on using ethically-sourced arabica beans, by emphasizing fair wages for farmers and sustainable cultivation practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make unique signature coffees that are suitable for many different brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is generally utilized to create a consistent and balanced taste that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean cultivated worldwide. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to pests and disease. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica and can grow in less favorable conditions. It is tolerant of warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective plant to grow.

Although it may sound contradictory however, arabica and robusta beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you notice the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag, it's likely that there's a bit of robusta as well.

Although some roasters only use arabica beans, most do a mix of both varieties to lower costs and ensure the quality. In order to preserve the integrity of the flavor, it's crucial to select a premium bean from a supplier you are confident with. The best method to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football that makes them different from other coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with smokey undertones. They are often added to other bean varieties to provide the fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They also have a better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for growing at home. You can find the seeds online from a number of sources, but it is recommended to purchase from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The best growing conditions for Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH, and adequate annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa, which was once considered a distinct species, but was later re-classified to be a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and are grown on large coffee plants, which can grow to 20 to 30 feet in height at medium roast coffee beans - go!! - altitudes. They have a distinct taste that is both fruity and tart, which has made them a sought-after choice in house blends. They are also less heavy on flavor and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still possess a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were regarded as an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. The beans have a distinctive teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious flavor. They are often blended to add body and a rich tart, ripe fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are known for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical, warm environments and at high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they may be flavored with notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is an almost identical choice to Arabica and is responsible for about 40 percent of the world's beans. These beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two varieties and have an earthy, woody taste.

After having learned about the four most popular types you can now select the best brew. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor pick an arabica or a blend made up of robusta and arabica beans.