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Maintaining Timber Windows

A well-maintained wooden window is an important element of a building that is historic. It demonstrates in various degrees the materials and technologies as well as the craftsmanship and architectural style of the time period that it was built in.

If possible, repairs should be made in-situ. Repairing the most deteriorated areas of decay is possible using proprietary resin-based systems.

Durability

Timber windows were designed to last for centuries. They do require maintenance to keep them looking good. The most frequently-asked maintenance tasks include sash-cord repairs as well as tightening sash pulleys and painting. The demand for enhancing timber windows in order to improve energy efficiency is also growing. This can include replacing old glazing units, repairing the Window and door repair Near me rebates that are in place or installing new cills for improved air seal.

A key problem with traditional windows is damage caused by the corrosion of the paintwork. This is especially true in the case of sash windows as the gaps between sashes can often be extremely large. In these circumstances water may get through the paint film and cause rotting of the putty as well as the wood beneath. Poor weather conditions can exacerbate the rotting. To prevent this from happening, windows must be regularly painted with an exterior wood paint.

The areas that are damaged should be repaired with a resin-based product. This will ensure that the greatest amount of the original fabric is retained. It is also essential to minimise the number of holes drilled into the frame for cable entry, as they could admit water and lead to decay.

The structural movement of the wall could also cause distortions in the frame and sash. This can lead to sash not fitting correctly jamming, sticking or sagging in the opening, or breaking glass. This is often corrected by fitting new sash frames made of slow-grown deal (pine), or oak. The cill should be constructed of a durable hardwood like oak to avoid differential movement between the new and existing work.

There are several companies that make Boston pattern wooden sash that fit into the majority of existing openings. These sash come in various sizes and finishes that suit the needs of modern homeowners. These new sash, when combined with quadruple draft strips and a more efficient thermal insulation, could make a huge difference to the efficiency of your home's energy usage.

Aesthetics

Many old wooden windows have an excellent aesthetic value because they typically show, in a particular way the materials and technologies and architectural style of the time in which they date. They may also have significant historical significance in their own right. This is particularly true of windows that were unglazed in the early days of timber-framed buildings, in which the majority were series of openings in structural frames that were subdivided horizontally by mullions with vertical wood or iron bars in order to keep out invaders.

Traditional window joinery made from timber is a beautiful aspect of a building, and is essential to keep its appearance. When you spot any decay caused by water penetration, it is important to stop it. It is recommended to do this by thorough painting, especially where there is damage or degradation. It is recommended to use paints designed to be used as part of a system (primer, undercoat and finish) and to follow the manufacturer's recommendations in relation to preparation and number of coats required at each stage.

The fungus that causes wet rot is able to spread quickly in old windows made of timber. To prevent this from happening, get rid of any rotten or damaged parts as soon as you can. The replacement of rotting wood should be done with care and using slow grown deal (pine) and, whenever feasible using the same species as which is being removed in order to prevent any movement differences between the new section and existing timbers.

Glass became cheaper and more abundant in the late medieval era and into the 17th century. In the process, the glazed openings in timber-framed homes were more elaborate, with moulded mullions, wooden tracery and cills that protruded deep. The double glazing cambridge was increasingly placed within frames with rebates and pinned in by 'cambridge double glazing sprigs' rather than into lead cames. This method of glazing not only makes the windows less likely to leak and break, but also allows wider sheets of clearer glass to be used than would have been feasible without the use of led lights.

Energy efficiency

Traditional timber windows are energy efficient because of their thickness, multilayer construction and attention to detail. They also have large glass areas and projecting cills that reduce air infiltration. The windows can be modified to improve their energy efficiency through draughtproofing and secondary glazing. However, it is important to remember that such measures should be viewed in terms of the overall integrity and appearance of the window in its original form.

It is logical to fix or upgrade windows that are older rather than replacing them, especially when the improvements in thermal efficiency can be achieved through simple repairs. Historic windows often have a historical value that illustrates a variety of technical development and changes in architectural taste. Most people think that these windows will need to be replaced in the near future. However, they will last for 150, 200 or even 250 years if they are maintained with proper maintenance.

It is important to recognise that the decay problems that are typical of windows made of timber can be avoided by regular maintenance and timely repairs. It is also important to identify damp problems and fix them quickly in order to avoid major damage. The early deterioration of paint is a concern because it allows moisture to penetrate into the wood, leading to wet rot. The damage is usually not apparent until the paintwork is wavy or cracked however, it can cause serious structural damage and lead to further decay.

A high-quality paint will prevent this moisture penetration. To prevent mould and condensation it is crucial to keep the paintwork as clean as possible. The use of modern synthetic paints can be problematic because they are usually made to be water-resistant and this can cause the growth of mildew within the window frame.

Most older windows were made from sapwood-rich timber. These timbers are susceptible to deterioration quickly when exposed to moist weather, however they can be preserved with a thorough preservative treatment before they are put to use. It is important to choose the right kind of wood for your location and climate, as these factors will affect the durability of the joinery. Local window manufacturers create various types of timber sash that can be tailored to fit specific historic openings. They can be made in the standard Boston pattern or in custom sizes to suit the architectural style of historic buildings.

Maintenance

Regular inspection as well as careful redecoration and prompt repairs can extend the life of timber windows. The primary cause of wood decay is moisture penetration through deteriorated paint and putty. This can be avoided with careful painting and the use of high-quality wood preservative.

Repairs to old sash windows as well as plastic window repair frames made of casement must be done with care and with minimal disruption. It is possible to repair several traditional designs of timber windows without having to remove the frame. This is a must whenever it is possible. Remove loose or peeling paint and lightly sand the area to improve the 'key" of the surface. This will allow the new coating to adhere better. Be careful to avoid stripping old paint layers that might have historical significance If these are present it is recommended that a study of the paint be conducted.

If a piece of timber is rotten, the best option is to remove the rotted material and replace it with spliced-in inserts that are shaped to fit the existing profiles. The wood that is inserted should be treated with a wood preserver and the joint between the cill for timber and the sub-cill for masonry should be sealed.

Replacement of traditional windows using PVC-u can be an appealing option, particularly when the installer offers a 'one stop shop' installation that handles both removal and replacement within the span of a day. It is crucial that the person who installs windows replacement has a thorough knowledge of the structure and history of traditional timber frames. This will enable them to make appropriate recommendations for energy-efficiency improvements and other technological advancements that won't alter the appearance of a building that is historic. Those providing replacement windows should be registered with a Competent Persons Scheme such as FENSA. This will ensure that replacement windows are deemed to be approved by the Building Regulations as a suitable alternative. It is certainly possible for an experienced and skilled carpenter to install PVC-u windows that match the the building originally. This is particularly true where windows are installed in listed buildings or conservation areas.