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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee beans types enthusiast you're probably aware that different beans produce varying flavor profiles. Learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, more tart flavor profile and are often used in coffee blends for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of global production. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour flavor than Robusta. They are available with a variety of flavor profiles. The aroma and taste of coffee can be affected by the conditions under which it is grown and the processing methods employed.

The word 'coffee' actually derives from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats became energized after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee quickly spread across the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are in a position to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on the ethical source of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique specialty coffees, which are suitable for a variety of brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the taste, aroma, body and acidity of coffee beans to buy. It is usually preferred to get an even and consistent taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. However, these acids could cause oxidation in the coffee brewing process and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and can be grown in less favorable climates. It can withstand temperatures that are higher and does well in direct sun. It produces more coffee per plant, and it grows faster than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

Although it might seem odd Robusta beans are typically mixed with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a bag of coffee, it's likely that there's some Robusta in there as well.

The majority of roasters make use of a mix of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and maintain the quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor you should select the highest quality beans from a reliable source. This can be done by purchasing your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is like a football, which makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is floral, fruity and smokey. They are often blended with other coffee beans to give a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as and in Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal to grow at home. You can purchase seeds online from many sources, but it is best to buy coffee beans near me locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants are fertile deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH and adequate annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa, which was once considered to be a separate species but was later re-classified to be a subspecies of Liberica. The coffee beans that are oval in shape grow on large coffee plants that can reach 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a distinctive taste that is both tart and fruity that makes them a popular choice in house blends. They are also less pronounced in aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta and Robusta, yet they have a distinct taste.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as well-known as Arabica and Robusta yet they're the fourth most popular. In fact they were regarded as a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were classified as an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped like teardrops and are dark roast coffee beans and mysterious in taste. They are typically used to give blends additional body and a rich, tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are renowned for their a sweeter taste. They thrive in warm, tropical climates and at high altitudes. They also have a touch of acidity. If brewed correctly and roast they may be flavored with notes of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee in the world, and is responsible for around 40% of all coffee consumed globally. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, but contain twice as much caffeine than Arabica. They also taste bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy and woody taste.

Now that you know the four most commonly used types of coffee beans you can now choose the perfect coffee. If you're looking to enjoy a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.