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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different varieties can produce distinct flavors. Find out more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a type of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter taste profile, and are often used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the world's most popular coffee accounting for 75% of the global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter flavor than Robusta and are available in a variety profiles. The aroma and taste of coffee are influenced by the conditions under the conditions in which it grows and the processing methods employed.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized after eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew rapidly all over the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are able to thrive in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is thought to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on ethically sourced arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make unique signature coffees that are suitable for a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending allows control over the aroma, taste and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is typically utilized to create an even and consistent taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular kind of coffee beans bulk buy (visit link) bean around the world. They contain more caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to disease and pests. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process of coffee and create undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sun. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective plant to grow.

Although it might seem odd Robusta beans are frequently blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you've seen the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a coffee beans unroasted bag, it's likely that there's some Robusta in there as well.

While some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix the two varieties to reduce costs and preserve quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor it is recommended to select a high quality coffee beans bean from a reliable source. This can be done by purchasing your decaf beans coffee direct from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped and are therefore distinct from other varieties of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is fruity, floral and smoky. They are often added to other coffee beans to give the fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They also have a much better resistance to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. The seeds can be found online from a number of sources, however it's best to purchase them from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils that have moderately acidic pH and adequate annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once considered a distinct species, but has been re-classified as a subspecies of Liberica. These coffee beans are ovals that are cultivated on 20 to 30 feet coffee plants at moderate altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both tart and fruity, which has made them a sought-after choice in house blends. They have a lighter flavor and lower caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but still possess a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as popular as Arabica and Robusta despite being the fourth most popular. In fact they were regarded as a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were changed to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans have a distinctive teardrop shape and carry an eerie, dark taste. These beans are commonly used to give blends extra body and a rich tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and are well-known for their the most delicious taste. They thrive at higher altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They also have a bit of acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they can be a bit sweet with hints of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most adored coffee in the world, and accounts for about 40% of the coffee consumed around the world. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, yet contain twice as much caffeine than Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two types and have a woody, earthy taste.

Now that you know the four most popular types of coffee beans now is the time to pick your perfect brew. If you want a smooth, delicate flavor, opt for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.