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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee, you likely already know that different beans can produce different flavors. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are one of the varieties of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, tarter taste profile and are frequently used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans are responsible for 75% of the world's production. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety of flavor profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee bean company is affected by the conditions under which it is grown as well as the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow within bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats became stimulated after eating these berries, and the cultivation of coffee quickly became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are able to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique signature coffees that are suitable for various brewing methods. Blending gives control over the taste, aroma and body of the coffee. It is often preferred to achieve an even and consistent taste that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee's brewing process and cause undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica and may grow in less favorable environments. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a cost-effective crop to cultivate.

While it may sound counterintuitive it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to create coffee beans sale blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag, it's likely that there's a bit of robusta as well.

While some roasters exclusively use arabica beans but the majority do mix both varieties to lower costs and preserve the quality. In order to preserve the integrity of the flavor, it's crucial to select a high-quality bean from a supplier you can trust. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans direct from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other types of top rated coffee beans beans. They have a distinctive scent that is floral and fruity with smokey undertones. They are often added to other types of coffee beans to give them a deeper, more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are available in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes and can withstand humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal to grow at home. Online, you can purchase seeds from numerous sources. However, it is recommended to purchase the beans from local producers in order to guarantee quality. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils, with a pH that is moderately acidic and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but has been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are cultivated on 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both tart and fruity, which has made them a sought-after selection in blends for house. They are also lighter in scent and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have a distinctive richness of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most sought-after kind of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. These days, they're mostly grown in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape and have a dark, mysterious flavor. They are frequently used to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripe fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive best at high altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They can be a bit acidic. If brewed and roasted correctly, they can have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second to Arabica and accounts for around 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are more round and smaller, yet they contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody overtones.

Once you've mastered the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select your ideal coffee. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste, choose an arabica bean, or a blend consisting of robusta beans and arabica beans.